Keeb kwm ntawm lub Blockchain

Lub sijhawm nyeem ntawv: 3 minuti

Thev naus laus zis uas nkag rau lub ntiaj teb ntawm cryptocurrencies yog lub ntiaj teb nto moo blockchain.
Lub blockchain tso cai rau txhua tus neeg siv hauv lub network mus txiav txim siab yam tsis muaj kev ntseeg dab tsi los sib ntseeg siab. Nws zoo nkaus li qhia qhov keeb kwm ntawm blockchain yog dab tsi, hauv nutshell.

Cov txheej txheem

Thawj hnub

Lub tswv yim tom qab blockchain thev naus laus zis tau piav qhia kom deb npaum li xyoo 1991, thaum cov kws tshawb nrhiav Stuart Haber thiab W. Scott Stornetta lawv tau muab cov kev daws teeb meem uas yooj yim los cim rau cov ntawv digital kom lawv tsis tuaj yeem ua rov qab los yog tsis kam ua.

Lub kaw lus siv ib qho cim khoob khoob ntawm cov cim khaws cov ntaub ntawv cim cim nrog a timestamp thiab twb tau nyob rau xyoo 1992 qhov phiaj xwm tau hloov kho nrog Merkle ntoo, ua rau nws ua tau zoo dua qub thiab tso cai rau koj los mus sau ntau cov ntaub ntawv hauv ib ntu. Txawm hais tias qhov no ntawm ob tus kws tshawb nrhiav tau siv zog heev, cov thev naus laus zis no tseem tsis siv thiab lub tswv yim patent tas sijhawm xyoo 2004, plaub xyoos ua ntej yug Bitcoin.

Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ua haujlwm rov siv tau

Nyob rau xyoo 2004, tus kws tshawb fawb hauv computer thiab tus kws ua haujlwm crypto Fin Halney (Harold Thomas Finney II) tau qhia cov kab ke hu ua RPoW, Reusable Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm. Lub kaw lus ua haujlwm los ntawm kev txais lub cim tsis tuaj yeem lossis ib tus neeg tsis yog-Hashcash-"pov thawj ntawm kev ua haujlwm" thiab rov qab los tsim RSA kos npe token uas tuaj yeem hloov ntawm tus neeg mus rau lwm tus.

RPoW daws qhov teeb meem siv nyiaj coj los ob zaug los ntawm kev ua tswv ntawm tus tokens ntawm tus neeg rau zaub mov txhim khu kev qha, tsim los tso cai rau cov neeg siv thoob ntiaj teb kom paub tseeb nws txoj kev tseeb thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub sijhawm.

Peb tuaj yeem xav RPoW los ua thawj tus qauv thiab yog thawj kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm cryptocurrencies.

Bitcoin network

Thaum kawg ntawm 2008, ib tus tau tso tawm whitepaper, ib daim ntawv tshawb fawb, uas tau qhia txog kev siv nyiaj zoo-rau-saib xyuas kev ncaj ncees cov nyiaj hluav taws xob hauv tshuab hluav taws xob - hu ua Bitcoin. Nws tau muab tso rau hauv kev xa npe ntawm encryption los ntawm ib tus neeg lossis pab pawg siv cov cai ntawm Satoshi Nakamoto.

Qhov haujlwm no tau ua raws li Cov Ntawv Pov Thawj ntawm kev ua haujlwm Hashcash algorithm, tab sis ntau dua li siv cov khoom siv dag zog ntawm lub zog xws li RPoW, Bitcoin ob npaug kev tiv thaiv tau muab los ntawm kev siv ncaj ncees rau tus phooj ywg raws li cov txheej txheem txhawm rau taug qab thiab txheeb xyuas qhov hloov pauv. Hauv cov lus yooj yooj yim, Bitcoins yog "mined" rau ib qho khoom plig siv cov pov thawj-ntawm-ua haujlwm mechanism los ntawm ib leeg neeg thiab tom qab ntawd xyuas los ntawm cov nodes decentralized network.

Bitcoin yug rau Lub Ib Hlis 3, 2009.

Thawj qhov thaiv ntawm Bitcoin tau mined los ntawm Satoshi Nakamoto, nrog rau muaj nqi zog ntawm 50 Bitcoins. Thawj tus neeg tau txais nyiaj yog Hal Finney, tus uas tau txais 10 Bitcoins los ntawm Satoshi Nakamoto hauv kev sib pauv thawj Bitcoin rau Lub Ib Hlis 12, 2009.

Ethereum network

Hauv 2013, Vitalik Buterin, tus programmer thiab co-founder ntawm Bitcoin ntawv xov xwm, tau hais tias Bitcoin yog nyob rau hauv kev xav tau ntawm a scripting lus (coding, code tsev) los tsim txiav txim siab daim ntawv thovCov. Ua tsis tiav los ntawm kev pom zoo hauv zej zog, Vitalik tau pib txhim kho lub sijhawm tshiab blockchain-based faus cov chaw, thiab npe nws npe Ethereum. Raws li nws tau cog lus, lub network tshiab no muaj cov cim sau hauv nws hu ua Ntse Contracts.

Cov Ntawv Cog Lus Ntse yog cov program lossis cov ntawv sau uas tau muab faib thiab ua haujlwm ntawm Ethereum blockchain, thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov kev hloov pauv yog tias muaj qee yam. Cov ntawv cog lus ntse tau sau hauv cov lus programming tshwj xeeb thiab muab sau rau hauv bytecode, uas yog txoj kev ncaj ncees Turing-ua tiav (lossis Turing-sib npaug) lub tshuab virtual hu ua Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) tuaj yeem nyeem thiab ua tiav.

Cov neeg tsim khoom, lub plawv ntaus ntawm lub blockchain no, tseem tuaj yeem tsim thiab tshaj tawm cov ntawv thov uas khiav hauv Ethereum blockchain. Cov ntawv thov no feem ntau hu ua DApps (kev thov rau cov ntawv thov) thiab tuaj yeem muaj cov qauv sib txawv ntawm ib leeg, ib yam li cov apps hauv peb lub xov tooj: cov ntawv thov kev sib raug zoo, kev twv txiaj thiab daim ntawv thov kev pauv nyiaj txiag.

Ethereum tus cryptocurrency hu ua Ether (ETH). Nws tuaj yeem pauv ntawm cov nyiaj thiab siv los them nyiaj nqe rau lub hwj chim suav uas siv thaum ua cov ntawv cog lus ntse.

Blockchain thev naus laus zuj zus yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov saib xyuas, yog cov neeg nyiam coob hauv cov neeg tseem ceeb thiab twb tau siv ntau qhov kev siv, tsis txwv rau cryptocurrencies.

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