Il concetto di centralizzazione si riferisce alla distribuzione del potere e dell’autorità in un’organizzazione o in una rete. Quando un sistema è centralizzato, significa che i meccanismi di pianificazione e decisione sono concentrati in un punto particolare del sistema.
Un meccanismo di governo, di regolamentazione, è necessario in qualsiasi sistema. Senza di questo non si possono prendere decisioni che danno direzione al resto della rete. Il livello di governance può andare dalla definizione delle regole fondamentali alla microgestione di ogni funzione del sistema.
In un sistema centralizzato, un punto centrale di potere autorizza e fa rispettare le decisioni, che sono poi passate ai livelli inferiori di potere.
L’opposto di un sistema centralizzato è un sistema decentralizzato, dove le decisioni sono prese in modo distribuito senza il coordinamento di un’autorità centrale.
La questione chiave nel dibattito tra centralizzazione e decentralizzazione è se le specifiche del processo decisionale debbano avvenire in un punto centrale della rete, o essere delegate lontano da qualsiasi autorità centrale.
Ci possono essere diversi vantaggi della centralizzazione:
- La strategia a lungo termine può essere strettamente controllata
- Le responsabilità sono ben definite all’interno del sistema
- Il processo decisionale è veloce e chiaro
- Il potere centrale ha interesse nella prosperità dell’intera rete
Alcuni degli svantaggi della centralizzazione possono essere:
- Errata comunicazione e discrepanze tra il centro e gli altri luoghi
- Alta possibilità di corruzione
- Esigenza di mantenere il potere al livello superiore
- Esclusione degli attori a livello locale con conoscenze o competenze specifiche
Prima della nascita di Bitcoin era un credo comune che fosse impossibile progettare una rete decentralizzata in cui il consenso fosse raggiunto senza inconvenienti significativi.
Tuttavia, con l’introduzione di Bitcoin, una rete decentralizzata è diventata una valida alternativa a quelle centralizzate. Questo ha reso il dibattito tra centralizzato e decentralizzato più elaborato e ha fornito una potenziale alternativa alle strutture di potere esistenti.
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24,99 € (a partire da 02/07/2022 22:56 GMT +00:00 - Altre informazioniProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)HP 301 CH561EE Cartuccia Originale, 190 Pagine, per HP DeskJet Serie 1000, 1050 1510, 2000, 2050, 2510, 2540 e 3050, HP Envy Serie 4500 e 5530 e HP Officejet Serie 2620 e 4630, Nero
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204,98 € (a partire da 02/07/2022 22:56 GMT +00:00 - Altre informazioniProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)GoPro HERO10 Black - Action Camera impermeabile con LCD anteriore e schermi posteriori touch, Video Ultra HD 5.3K60, Foto da 23 MP, Streaming live 1080p, Webcam, Stabilizzazione, Nero (Black)
429,00 € (a partire da 02/07/2022 22:56 GMT +00:00 - Altre informazioniProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)LG 32LQ63006LA Smart TV 32" Full HD, TV LED 2022 con Processore α5 Gen 5 con AI, webOS 22, HDR, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Game Optimizer, Google Stadia e GeForce NOW, Compatibile con Google Home e Alexa
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Decoder DVB T2 Ricevitore Digitale Terrestre Full HD 1080P H.265 HEVC Main 10 Bit Riceve per tutti i canali TV gratuiti, Supporta HDMI e SCART Multimedia PVR USB WiFi [2in1 Telecomando Universale]
Sto recuperando il prezzo.
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318,82 € (a partire da 02/07/2022 22:56 GMT +00:00 - Altre informazioniProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Apple Alimentatore USB‑C da 20W
16,99 € (a partire da 02/07/2022 22:56 GMT +00:00 - Altre informazioniProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Fire TV Stick con telecomando vocale Alexa (con comandi per la TV) | Streaming in HD
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18,99 € (a partire da 02/07/2022 22:56 GMT +00:00 - Altre informazioniProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Power Bank, INIU Ultra Sottile & Leggero Powerbank 10000mAh Doppia Uscita 3A ad Alta Velocità, Porta USB C da Esterno Caricatore Portatile di Torcia per iPhone Samsung Huawei Xiaomi ECC.[2022 Version]
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34,99 € (a partire da 02/07/2022 22:56 GMT +00:00 - Altre informazioniProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)TP-Link TL-WA850RE Ripetitore Wireless Wifi Extender e Access Point, Velocità Single Band 300Mbps, Porta LAN, Potenzia la tua copertura Wi-Fi, Compatibile con tutti i modem router wifi, Bianco
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11,99 € (a partire da 02/07/2022 22:56 GMT +00:00 - Altre informazioniProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Supporto Auto Smartphone, Beikell Supporto per Telefono per Auto [360 Gradi di Rotazione] con Cruscotto Regolabile e Supporto per Braccio Estensibile per Auto Forte Rilievo in Gel Appiccicoso
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14,00 € (a partire da 02/07/2022 22:56 GMT +00:00 - Altre informazioniProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Echo Dot (4ª generazione) - Altoparlante intelligente con orologio e Alexa - Bianco ghiaccio
29,99 € (a partire da 02/07/2022 22:56 GMT +00:00 - Altre informazioniProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Xiaomi Redmi Note 11 - Smartphone 4+128GB, Display AMOLED FHD+ 6.43” 90Hz, Snapdragon 680, quadrupla fotocamera 50MP, 5000mAh, Graphite Grey (IT + 2 anni garanzia) Alexa mani libere
178,99 € (a partire da 02/07/2022 22:56 GMT +00:00 - Altre informazioniProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lettore di carte SumUp Air
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