Mbiri ya Blockchain

Tekinoloje yomwe imalimbikitsa dziko la ma cryptocurrencies ndiyodziwika padziko lonse lapansi blockchain.
Chipolopolo cha blockchain imalola aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito netiweki kufikira chimvano popanda kukhulupirirana. Zikuwoneka kuti ndi bwino kunena zomwe mbiri ya blockchain ili, mwachidule.

Masiku oyamba

Lingaliro laukadaulo wa blockchain lidafotokozedwa kalekale ngati 1991, pomwe ofufuzawo Stuart Haber ndi W. Scott Stornetta adakhazikitsa njira yolemba makalata a digito kuti asabwererenso kumbuyo kapena kusokonezedwa.

Njira yogwiritsidwira ntchito unyolo wotetezedwa mwachinsinsi kusunga zikalata zolembedwa ndi timestamp ndipo kale mu 1992 ntchitoyi idasinthidwa ndimitengo ya Merkle, ndikupangitsa kuti iziyenda bwino ndikukulolani kuti musonkhanitse zikalata zingapo pamalo amodzi. Ngakhale izi zinali zoyesayesa kwambiri, ukadaulo uwu sunagwiritsidwe ntchito ndipo chivomerezo chidatha mu 2004, zaka zinayi kubadwa kwa Bitcoin.

Umboni wa Ntchito ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito

Mu 2004, wasayansi wapakompyuta komanso womenyera ufulu wa Hal Finney (Harold Thomas Finney II) adayambitsa dongosolo lotchedwa RPoW, Reusable Proof Of Work. Njirayi idagwira ntchito polandila chikwangwani chosasinthana kapena "umboni wogwira ntchito" wa Hashcash ndipo pobwezera adapanga chikwangwani chosayinidwa cha RSA chomwe chitha kusamutsidwa kuchoka kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu.

RPoW yathetsa vuto lowonongera kawiri posunga umwini wa ma tokeni olembetsedwa pa seva yodalirika, yokonzedwa kuti ilole ogwiritsa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi kuti atsimikizire kulondola kwawo ndi umphumphu munthawi yeniyeni.

Titha kulingalira RPoW ngati mtundu woyamba komanso gawo loyamba m'mbiri ya ma cryptocurrensets.

Ma netiweki a Bitcoin

Kumapeto kwa 2008, m'modzi adatulutsidwa whitepaper, pepala lofufuzira, lomwe linayambitsa njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndalama zamagetsi - yotchedwa Bitcoin. Idayikidwa pamndandanda wamakalata obisika ndi munthu kapena gulu logwiritsa ntchito mayina a Satoshi Nakamoto.

Ntchitoyi idakhazikitsidwa ndi Umboni wa ntchito Hashcash algorithm, koma m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi monga RPoW, Bitcoin kutetezera kawiri kumaperekedwa ndi njira yokhazikitsira anzawo yotsata ndikuwunika zomwe zikuchitika. M'mawu osavuta, Bitcoins "amayimbidwa" kuti alandire mphotho kugwiritsa ntchito njira yochitira umboni ya ogwira ntchito m'migodi kenako kutsimikiziridwa ndi mfundo maukonde ovomerezeka.

Bitcoin adabadwa pa Januware 3, 2009.

Gawo loyamba la Bitcoin lidasungidwa ndi Satoshi Nakamoto, ndi mphotho ya 50 Bitcoins. Woyamba kulandira Bitcoin anali Hal Finney, yemwe adalandira Bitcoins 10 kuchokera kwa Satoshi Nakamoto pamalonda oyamba a Bitcoin pa Januware 12, 2009.

Maukonde a Ethereum

Mu 2013, Vitalik Buterin, wolemba mapulogalamu komanso woyambitsa mnzake wa magazini ya Bitcoin, adati Bitcoin idasowa kwambiri a chilankhulo (kulemba, kukhazikitsa ma code) kuti apange ntchito zovomerezeka. Polephera kupeza mgwirizano wapagulu, Vitalik adayamba kukhazikitsa njira yatsopano yopangira ma blockchain, ndipo adaitcha Ethereum. Monga adalonjezera, netiweki yatsopanoyi inali ndi cholembedwa mkati mwake chotchedwa Mikangano Yamphamvu.

Smart Contracts ndi mapulogalamu kapena zolembedwa zomwe zimagawidwa ndikuchitidwa pa Ethereum blockchain, ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochita ngati zinthu zina zakwaniritsidwa. Mapangano anzeru amalembedwa m'zilankhulo zenizeni za pulogalamu ndipo amalembedwa ndi bytecode, yomwe makina oyeserera a Turing-kumaliza (kapena Turing-ofanana) otchedwa Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) amatha kuwerenga ndikuchita.

Madivelopa, mtima wogunda wa blockchain iyi, amathanso kupanga ndikufalitsa mapulogalamu omwe amayendetsedwa ndi Ethereum blockchain. Mapulogalamuwa nthawi zambiri amatchedwa DApps )

Ndalama za Ethereum zimatchedwa Ether (ETH). Itha kusamutsidwa pakati pa maakaunti ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulipira ma komiti yamagetsi ogwiritsa ntchito pochita mapangano anzeru.

Tekinoloje ya Blockchain ikuchulukirachulukira, ikopa chidwi chambiri, ndipo ikugwiritsidwa kale ntchito zosiyanasiyana, osangokhala ma cryptocurrencies.